Michelaraki E., Kallidoni M., Katrakazas C., Brijs T., Yannis G., “How to Define a Safety Tolerance Zone for Speed?”, Proceedings of the Transport Research Arena TRA 2022 Conference, Lisbon, 14-17 November 2022

Several factors of driver state negatively impact road safety, such as distraction (in-vehicle or external), fatigue and drowsiness, health issues and extreme emotions. The aim of the current study is to define a Safety Tolerance Zone (STZ) for speed, and integrate crash prediction and risk assessment. A naturalistic driving experiment was conducted and data from a representative sample (N=20 drivers) was utilized. Explanatory variables of risk and the most reliable indicators were assessed. A feature importance algorithm extracted from Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) was used to evaluate the significance of variables on forecasting STZ. Additionally, a Neural Network model was implemented for real-time data prediction. Results indicated a strong relationship between the STZ level for speed and the independent variables of headway, distance travelled and medium harsh braking events.