Yannis G., Antoniou C., Papadimitriou E., “Autoregressive nonlinear time-series modeling of traffic fatalities in Europe”, European Transport Research Review, Vol. 3, Issue 3, 2011, pp. 113-127.

The objective of this research is to provide a parsimonious model for linking motorization level with the decreasing fatality rates observed across EU countries during the last three decades. Methods A macroscopic analysis of road-safety in Europe at the country level is proposed through the application of non-linear models correlating fatalities and vehicles for the period between 1970 and 2002. Given the time series nature of road safety data, these models result in auto-correlated residuals, thus violating at least one of the assumptions of non-linear regression. Autoregressive forms of the considered models that overcome these limitations and provide superior predictive capabilities are also considered. An autoregressive log-transformed model seems to outperform the base autoregressive non-linear model in this respect. The use of these models allowed for the identification of the best and worst performing countries. The proposed models can prove useful for assessing the road safety performance of the examined countries, as well as for obtaining some insight on the current and future trends of less developed countries.